Content
- Notes
- Summary of everything
- Unique uniaxial behavior
- Internal lighting
- Stud and support models
- Bulk behavior of concrete
- Plates
- Poster
- Shell
- Normality and reliability
- Algebraic Equations System B Solving Quantity Equations
- Changes in the coordination system
- Regression analysis
- Reliability and multivariate random variables
- Software and sample data
- References
- Phone book
Preface
This book originated from the author’s lectures at the Technical University of Dresden. The titles of these works are “Calculation method of concrete structures” and “Design of concrete structures.” Concrete contains reinforcement, which it connects to. The bond plays a crucial role in the structural behavior, utilizing both the compressive strength and the dynamic reinforcement force to achieve its goals. This sets reinforced concrete apart from other building materials, including steel, wood, glass, carpentry, plastics, fiber-reinforced plastics, and geomaterials, among others. In contrast, various methods, such as finite element methods, represent the process of actually calculating the character’s behavior. However, the user interface often presents the application as a series of opaque boxes. The reliability of the output depends on the power of the input. The concepts and methods that link them are not clearly defined. This book aims to create transparency by paying special attention to well-structured details. We will discuss appropriate methods, explore their capabilities and limitations, integrate them into a large-scale computational framework, and integrate the fields of mathematics, mechanics, and reinforced concrete.
This is a large area, and the gaps need to be small. The focus will be on the behavior of all structural elements, not on local issues such as discrete or mesoscale monitoring. This book will cover the fundamentals of ethical law, but it will not primarily focus on advanced theories of ethical behavior. Researchers continue to explore these ideas and don’t appear to have exhausted them yet.
Advanced students of architecture and mechanics, educators, design and inspection engineers dealing with complex problems in reinforced concrete, and researchers and software developers interested in the broader picture are the target audience for this book. Chapter 1 delves into the fundamentals of modeling and inference using finite element methods, as well as methods for solving nonlinear problems, which are essential for specific structural engineering methods. In Chapter 2, we discuss the inelastic behavior of concrete, its connections, and reinforcement, as well as bonding and cracking methods. This leads to a concrete structure model that provides basic information about the structure’s construction. We also take into account the inelastic behavior of lines and curves under bending, force form, and shear, as described in Chapter 3. This section also discusses prestige, power, and secondary effects. Chapter 4 delves into the state of inflexibility where unethical behavior persists. This chapter also discusses solid plasticity and the reduction theorem.
Chapter 5 discusses modeling the behavior of many elements in macroscopic continuum mechanics. Chapter 5 explains plasticity and deformation concepts using simple definitions for concrete. Continuous materials connect many parts through cuttings. A simple finite element operation leads to the concept of periodization to preserve the properties of discretization.
Diagrams of microplane theory present a bridge from microscopic to macroscopic behavior of materials. Chapter 6 discusses biaxial stresses and strains occurring in slabs or deep beams. We define the reinforcement design by comparing the elastic plate analysis with the reduction of the lower limit. While the former ignore kinematic correlations, they are also relevant to the biaxial description of complex relationships with multiple stresses, including structural modeling.
Chapter 7 describes plates as another type of planar equilibrium. However, unlike plates, their behavior is mainly characterized by internal forces, such as bending moments. Therefore, we develop the lower bound by basing the convergence of design stresses on elastic curve analysis. A non-linear space-curve relationship reintroduces the kinematic coupling. Chapter 8 discusses shell structures. We apply a continuity method based on kinematic constraints to enhance the internal strength in multiple stress-strain relationships, which is appropriate for cracked concrete. The structural analysis of the surface is concluded in this section, and the plastic analysis of thin plates is performed based on the upper limit. Chapter 9 provides an overview of uncertainty and, in particular, identification of organizational failures and security concerns. Finally, the appendix provides a detailed description of the elements that form the basis of the mathematical model of the structure.
The author and colleagues use the Python programming language to develop computational examples and simple software packages that complement many of the methods described.
Program and sample information at www.be-to-fem.com. Details can be found in Appendix These programs use only the methods described in this guide. The program is open to discussion and disclosure of the source code and should encourage further interpretation and development.
We thank the publisher Ernst & Sohn in Berlin and especially Ms. Claudia Ozimek for their support of this work. I owe my architectural studies, professional career, and courses to my teacher, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dr.-Ing. E. h. Dr. techn. I am very grateful to H. C. Josef Eibl, former head of the Concrete Construction Department at the Institute of Concrete Construction and Building Materials at the Technosphere Hochschule Karlsruhe (now KIT, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology). We also thank our former colleagues Patrik Pröchtel, Jens Hartig, Mirko Kitzig, Tino Kühn, Joachim Finzel, and Jörg Weselek for their contributions. I am grateful to the Technosphere Universität Dresden Institute for Concrete Structures for its supportive and collaborative environment. I am happy to be teaching and researching at this institution. I must especially thank my wife Caroline for her love and patience.
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