Eurocode 3 Design of steel structures. Part 1-9_ Fatigue. Eurocode 4 Design of composite steel and concrete structures
Content
- FOREWORD
- APPROVAL
- SYMBOLOGY
- TERMINOLOGY
- INTRODUCTION
- INVESTMENT LEVEL IN PROJECTS AND PROJECTS
- KNOWING STRESS AND THE CAUSES OF STRESS
- THE POWER OF EIGHT
- TRUST AND REPRESENTATION
- ENGLAND LINE
- WORKS
- Annex
Preface
Over 120 years have passed since the world began using building materials. For most of this period, fatigue and breakage were unknown or ignored as limiting values, except in certain and “obvious” cases. However, the persistence of fatigue and fracture problems initially caught people off guard, leading to a growing awareness of this phenomenon. The appearance of the first ECCS recommendation on fatigue design in 1985 significantly changed the ethos of the field. The text formed the basis of the fatigue sections in the first versions of Eurocode 3 and 4. The utilization of the latter and new research resulted in the development of precise dimensions, which became, for the first time, the most accurate component of all European buildings.
Similar to other technical applications, the preparation of the fatigue provisions in Eurocode 3 and 4 was a lengthy process, relying on the available information at the time. In general, since the publication of the standard, changes have occurred not only in the structural materials but also in the combined techniques, methods of structural analysis, precision methods, testing techniques, etc. These changes have introduced new risk factors that can lead to fatigue failure. As a result, it is a de facto standard that remains a bit vague in some areas (but not necessarily unsafe!) and includes others that are not good enough or not good at all. Similar considerations can be applied to the broken parts of Eurocode 3.
The preparation of this book aimed to address previous gaps, clarify certain articles, and expand or add others. To accomplish this task, the guide draws on the authors’ and readers’ many years of experience in this field. It’s a comprehensive document with detailed information on how to deal with fatigue and fractures when using Eurocode…but it also offers much, much more. This is probably the most comprehensive failure guide to date for Eurocode 3 and 4, reviewed and approved by ECCS members TC6 “Fatigue and Fracture.” This text presents all the secrets of fatigue and fracture treatment in a clear, readable, and comprehensive form (compared to standards), supported by three well-analyzed examples. I’m confident that this guide will benefit both novice users seeking clarification and seasoned professionals seeking further insights.
Fatigue, along with corrosion and wear, is a primary cause of damage in metallic components. Fatigue may arise when a member experiences repeated cyclic loadings due to fluctuating stress.
This terminology is used in EN 1993-1-9 (TGC 10, 2006). The fatigue phenomenon manifests as the formation of cracks at specific locations within the structure. Cracks may manifest in various structures, including aircraft, vessels, bridges, automotive frames, locomotives, railcars, cranes, overhead cranes, machine components, turbines, reactor vessels, canal lock gates, offshore platforms, transmission towers, pylons, masts, and chimneys. Structures exposed to repeated cyclic loads may experience cumulative damage, manifested through crack propagation. Over time, a decline in resistance characterizes this damage, known as fatigue.
Fatigue cracking infrequently manifests in the base material away from any constructional features, machining details, welds, or connections. Even though the connection’s static resistance surpasses that of the assembled components, the connection or joint continues to be the critical location when it comes to fatigue.
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