Contents
- Rudolf Diesel
- Diesel supplies
- Compression ratio
- Access
- Combustion and combustion
- Two- and four-cycles
- Power and fire
- Fuel consumption
- Weight
- Sustainability
- Natural fuels
- Engine input
- Trucks and other motor vehicles
- Engines stop
- Marine engines
- Basic troubleshooting
- Malfunction
- Tasting
- Air intake system
- Connect
- High pressure
- Motorized machines
- Fuel system
- Air explosion
- Old Square Rail
- Jerk pump system
- 63 pump pipes
- Booster pumps
- Delivery facilities
- Needle•
- Times
- Membrane control
- Centrifugal regulators
- Pneumatic regulators
- Injection
- Low-pressure system
- Fuel filter and water separator
- Electronic asset management system
- Origin and birth
- Comparison with digital
- Bosch CAN Bus
- Onboard computer
- Ingredients
- Troubleshooting
- Caterpillar EMS
- Ford (international) 7.3L DI electric 124 Detroit Diesel
- Cylinder heads and valves
- Combustion chamber type
- Valve accessories
- Before you start
Preface
Numerous aspects of the diesel engine have undergone significant changes in recent years, and these changes will have a significant impact on future engine technology. The trucking industry initiated these changes in the late 1980s to ensure compliance with EPA emissions regulations for diesel engines. By the mid-1990s, regulations were necessary for the heavy equipment industry.
These new requirements now cover areas previously unaffected, such as the maritime, oil, and agricultural industries. These new requirements will revolutionize the pilot industry, just as they have revolutionized the trucking and heavy equipment industries. For the past two decades, only industrial or industrial power plants were subject to these federal regulations.
However, the 2007, 2010, and 2012 emissions regulations will cover and affect the energy industry and its size. Additionally, the technology developed to meet the 2007 guidance cannot adequately meet the 2010 and 2012 requirements in many areas without technological changes or improvements. These technological changes are inevitable, and training for technicians will become a reality in the future. This is where diesel engine guides, such as those for troubleshooting and repair, can assist the technician in staying up-to-date with these evolving technologies. We review data from historical and current examples in these areas to demonstrate the rapidity of these changes.
Since the implementation of EPA guidelines for diesel engines in the 1980s, many major engine manufacturers have reported lower emissions. They reduced engine emissions by 90% and nitrous oxide emissions by almost 70%. The 90s saw the addition of noise pollution, leading to a reduction in engine noise requirements from 83 to 80. While this may not seem like much, it equates to a 50% reduction in noise power.
Additionally, consider the impact of decreasing the fuel oil content in diesel fuel from 5% to 0.5% to 0.05% (measured in parts per million, from 5000 to 500 to 50). The use of liquid lubricants in diesel fuel has required many changes to the fuel system. Increasing demands to meet EPA emissions standards have made it increasingly important to develop components that can withstand these changes. To meet these requirements, a number of changes have been made to diesel engines. Xii Preface There’s a lot to talk about on this topic.
These requirements have significantly changed some areas of focus, including lubrication, fuel components, and the use of electronics and diagnostic systems. Other areas not covered here will be covered later in this book. As the demand for diesel engines increases, the demand for products such as oil and filters for engine maintenance also increases. 15 years ago, we investigated the need to use the American Petroleum Institute (API) oil classes CD, CE, and CF. In just the last few years, the demands on diesel engines have led the industry to develop new oils in the form of CG-4, CH-4, CI-4, and now CJ-4 oils. Introduced in 1995, the CG-4 was developed for its powerful, fast four-cylinder engine using fuel containing less than 0.5% sulfur.
The high-speed four-cylinder engine met the 1998 and 2002 emissions standards with the introduction of the CH-4 in 1998 and the CI-4 in 2002. Introduced in 2006, the CJ-4 is a high-speed, four-cylinder engine that meets 2007 emissions standards.
We blend this fuel to enhance the heat, speed, and load of today’s engines. The oil must also meet the needs of cooling, lubricating, cleaning, and protecting and must meet the penalties of dam and drilling solution aging until the oil is changed or the filter removes these harmful particles. By the time the oil is changed, the filter must perform better than ever. Advances in fuel system design over the past two decades have contributed significantly to the changes in any diesel engine system. This area of fuel system design has been advanced by the use of circulating delivery pumps, which are used by diesel engine manufacturers mostly for small engines. The larger engine used a type of pump and pipe system with fuel injection to deliver more fuel to the engine.
The engine became a reality as technology advanced and modified the fuel pump. Improvements continued with the development of electronic injectors and then hydraulically actuated electronic injectors. Now all these changes and improvements in the fuel system seem to have taken us back to the old technology, that is, the use of very high-speed trains. All of these fuel systems are discussed in this book.
As an electrical/electronic systems instructor for the past 15 years, I have a keen understanding of the impact of this change on diesel performance. Advances in operation and changes in electronic components have led to many improvements in diesel engines, and they are the only way to meet EPA regulations. The many advances in electronics have also increased the amount and level of training required by today’s technicians. What does this mean for those who use all this electronic equipment? Fewer moving parts for the engineer will provide the opportunity to design the system to meet most of the demands or requirements established by the EPA or the individual customer. Flexibility allows the engine manufacturer to quickly make adjustments where the design requires.
The customer benefits from the possibility of making revisions to the planned parameters to adapt to the necessary changes in the equipment. Using the ECM/ECUs, sensors, programming software, and diagnostic tools, a technician can quickly and effectively diagnose problems.
This ultimately results in savings for everyone, especially the customer.
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