Design of columns, beams, and tension elements in wood, steel, and reinforced concrete
Content
- Example list
- Attachment list
- CHAPTER 1 Shapes
- CHAPTER 2 Loads
- CHAPTER 3 Materials
- CHAPTER 4 Unit Ownership
- CHAPTER 5 Drawing methods
- CHAPTER 6 Stressors
- CHAPTER 7 Columns
- CHAPTER 8 Lamps
- CHAPTER 9 Connection
- Annex
- Description
- Dictionary
- Phone book
Preface
As is well known, architects and engineers rarely design the elements and systems of their buildings; They do their work for (and hopefully in collaboration with) civil engineers or rely on normal building code practices. In cases where architects or builders want to tolerate their construction, it is very useful to have some knowledge of the behavior of the structure and the capabilities of the building materials. On the other hand, where this used to implement a general structural system (a platform made of wood, a simple skeletal frame made of steel or steel reinforcement), you may find that he has little knowledge of the design and relies on his expertise. structural consultants. and information on the standard length, height and cross-section of standard buildings that can be designed.
The heroic phase of Modernism, in which architects often sought to harmonize the behavior of the landscape with the overall architectural style – some inspired by high-level or load-bearing walls – was also a heroic step in architectural education.: In this context there was little need to explain why architects needed to learn structure. There is still some excitement about the potential of nature in architecture, but it is also true that there is a ‘stylist’ tendency that is interested in exploiting nature’s potential rather than abandoning its role in architecture. Bend, twist, break and other tricks to change existing rules and the storage styles they support.
But whether hidden from view or boldly displayed, all institutions follow the same laws of equality, face the same kind of energy, and depend on the same resources and production processes. Naturally, it is appropriate for architects and engineers to receive architectural training so that the fundamental principles underlying all construction emerge. This can be done in three parts: (1) examining the statistics and dynamics of materials, (2) examining how these principles apply to the design of common structures made of concrete materials, and (3) gaining insight into the design of materials.
Building systems and building elements connected in the same way.
Much of the material presented in this article can be found elsewhere; The basic structural principles underlying structural design, historical knowledge of structural behavior, and structural design recommendations incorporated into building codes are all widely disseminated through industry-published guides, government-approved codes, and academic courses. Many excellent articles on construction have been written specifically for architects and builders. So the question naturally arises: why write anything else?
The main reason for writing this text is to organize the materials in relation to the building program developed in the Department of Architecture at Cornell University, based on the three ‘categories’ we have just described: concepts, objects and systems. Although this text provides an introduction to structural theory (statics), it focuses primarily on the design and analysis of structural members (columns, beams, and structural members and connections). These materials have been prepared in a complete, comprehensive and independent volume containing all the information necessary for the preliminary analysis and analysis of these structures consisting of wood, steel and reinforced concrete.
The second reason for writing this article is to present the material in accordance with my priorities and understanding. Each chapter contains an insight, speculation, or presentation created by the author that often cannot be found elsewhere. In addition, the appendix is placed at the end of the text and contains many tables and figures based on materials from professional literature, but mainly re-updated and edited to make this text clearer and easier- without ignoring everything.
Model design and load modeling are reviewed regularly. In recent years, there have been significant changes in the design of wooden, steel and concrete structures, as well as in the load design. These changes include an updated way to draw trees and columns in the tree; Replacement of the standard specification of 36 ksi steel with a new standard based on 50 ksi steel for wide profiles; Maximum load factories used in well-designed designs in accordance with SEI/ASCE 7 revisions and is currently used in wood and steel design; and greater consequences in the presentation of environmental burdens. All these changes are included in this document.
A final conclusion: This document is intended to be used only for the understanding of architectural design (drawings) and architectural elements.
A qualified professional should be consulted for correct design.
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