Contents
- Rudolf Diesel
- Diesel supplies
- Compression ratio
- Access
- Combustion and combustion
- Two and four cycles
- Power and fire
- Fuel consumption
- Weight
- Sustainability
- Natural fuels
- Engine input
- Trucks and other motor vehicles
- Engines stop
- Marine engines
- Basic troubleshooting
- Malfunction
- Tasting
- Air intake system
- Connect
- High pressure
- Motorized machines
- Fuel system
- Air explosion
- Old square rail
- Jerk pump system
- 63 pump pipes
- Booster pumps
- Delivery facilities
- Needle•
- Times
- Membrane control
- Centrifugal regulators
- Pneumatic regulators
- Injection
- Low pressure system
- Fuel filter and water separator
- Electronic asset management system
- Origin and birth
- Comparison with digital
- Bosch CAN bus
- Onboard computer
- Ingredients
- Troubleshooting
- Caterpillar EMS
- Ford (international) 7. 3L DI electric 124 Detroit Diesel
- Cylinder heads and valves
- Combustion chamber type
- Valve accessories
- Before you start
Preface
There are many areas that have changed significantly in recent years with the Diesel engine and will significantly affect the future of engine technology. The trucking industry was the first to call for these changes to comply with EPA emissions regulations for diesel engines in the late 1980s. By the mid-1990s, regulations were necessary for the heavy equipment industry. Even areas that were not affected in the past, such as the maritime, oil and agricultural industries, are now covered by these new requirements. They will revolutionize the pilot industry just as they revolutionized the trucking and heavy equipment industries. For the past two decades, only industrial or industrial power plants were subject to these federal regulations. However, the 2007, 2010 and 2012 emissions regulations will cover and affect the energy industry and its size. Additionally, the technology developed to meet the 2007guidance cannot adequately meet the 2010 and 2012 requirements in many areas without technological changes or improvements. These technological changes are inevitable and training for technicians will become a reality in the future. This is where diesel engine guides like diesel engine troubleshooting and repair can help the technician keep up with these changing technologies. Data from some historical and current examples in these areas are reviewed to show how rapidly these changes are occurring. Since the implementation of EPA guidelines for diesel engines in the 1980s, many major engine manufacturers have reported lower emissions. Engine emissions were reduced by 90% and nitrous oxide emissions by almost 70%. In the 90s, noise pollution was added to this balance and engine noise requirements dropped from 83 to 80. While this may not seem like much, it equates to a 50% reduction in noise power. Add to this the effect of reducing the amount of fuel oil in diesel fuel from 5% to 0.5% to 0.05% (in ppm, from 5000 to 500 to 50). The use of liquid lubricants in diesel fuel has required many changes to the fuel system. Increasing demands to meet EPA emissions standards have made it increasingly important to develop components that can withstand these changes. To meet these requirements, a number of changes have been made to diesel engines. Xii Preface There’s a lot to talk about on this topic. Some of the areas of focus that have changed significantly as a result of these requirements include lubrication, fuel components, and the use of electronics and diagnostic systems. Other areas not covered here will be covered later in this book. As the demand for Diesel engines increases, the demand for products such as oil and filters for engine maintenance also increases. 15 years ago, we investigated the need to use the American Petroleum Institute (API) oil classes CD, CE and CF. In just the last few years the demands on diesel engines have led the industry to develop new oils in the form of CG-4, CH-4, CI-4 and now CJ-4 oils. Introduced in 1995, the CG-4 was developed for its powerful, fast four-cylinder engine using fuel containing less than 0.5% sulfur. The CH-4 was introduced in 1998 and the CI-4 in 2002, meeting the 1998 and 2002 emissions standards for the high-speed four-cylinder engine. Introduced in 2006, the CJ-4 is a high-speed four-cylinder engine that meets 2007 emissions standards. This fuel is blended to increase the heat, speed and load of today’s engines. The oil must also meet the needs of cooling, lubricating, cleaning and protecting, and must meet the penalties of dam and drilling solution aging until the oil is changed or the filter removes these harmful particles. By the time the oil is changed, the filter must perform better than ever. Advances in fuel system design over the past two decades have contributed significantly to the changes in any diesel engine system. This area of fuel system design has been advanced by the use of circulating delivery pumps, which are used by diesel engine manufacturers mostly for small engines. The larger engine used a type of pump and pipe system with fuel injection to deliver more fuel to the engine. As technology progressed, the fuel pump was modified and used to make the engine a reality. Improvements continued with the development of electronic injectors and then hydraulically actuated electronic injectors. Now all these changes and improvements in the fuel system seem to have taken us back to the old technology, that is, the use of very high-speed trains. All of these fuel systems are discussed in this book. As an electrical/electronic systems instructor for the past 15 years, I have a keen understanding of the impact of this change on diesel performance. Advances in operation and changes in electronic components have led to many improvements in diesel engines, and they are the only way to meet EPA regulations. The many advances in electronics have also increased the amount and level of training required by today’s technicians. What does this mean for those who use all this electronic equipment? Fewer moving parts for the engineer will provide the opportunity to design the system to meet most of the demands or requirements established by the EPA or the individual customer. Flexibility allows the engine manufacturer to quickly make adjustments where the design requires. The customer benefits from the possibility of making revisions to the planned parameters to adapt to the necessary changes in the equipment. Using The’s ECM/ECUs, sensors, programming software, and diagnostic tools, a technician can diagnose problems quickly and effectively. This ultimately results in savings for everyone, especially the customer.
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