Content
- Introduction
- Mechanical principle
- Contents of this book
- Geological features
- Rocks as technical material
- Natural environment
- Geological effects on rocks and mountains
- Fear
- Why bother studying stone mechanics and craft?
- Difference between scalar, vector and tensor
- Common stress and anxiety disorders
- Emphasis as a feature of an article
- Annoying parts of the small cube in the rock
- Correlation stress matrix
- The nature of behavior when it consists of six independent parts
- The leader insists
- Not all mining is supported by basic research
- When you are stressed
- Why do you know how stressed you are?
- Explanation of information on government affairs
- How to identify problems
- Statistical analysis of government issues
- Primary voice indicates emphasis
- Predicting natural events in the context of structural concepts based on elastic concepts
- A large number of problems collected worldwide
- Causes of high stress
- Effect of inertia on the nature of stress
- Glossary of terms related to stress of mass problems
- Error
- Complete rock
- Termination of tasks
- Large crowd
- License
- Anisotropy and inhomogeneity
- Measurement methods
- General courses
- Strength of rocks is a time-dependent phenomenon
- Industrial use and technical systems (RES)
- Principles of mining
- Principles of stability
- Surface drilling methods
- Soil Planning and analysis of excavations
- How to dig underground
- Planning and analysis of ground excavations
- Explanation
- Appendix
- Phone book
Preface
What does this book say about the title Engineering Rock Mechanics? It generally refers to a mechanics-based discipline used to design buildings or structures. Building foundations, dams, slopes, canals, caves, energy systems, mines, etc. These structures are strongly influenced by the nature of the rock and the interaction between the rock and the engineering structure. As a result, a separate discipline of mechanical engineering, emerged. The term ‘rock mechanics’ refers to the fundamental science of rock mechanics; the term ‘rock engineering’ refers to all engineering activities involving rock. The term ‘mechanical engineering’ therefore refers to the application of mechanics to rock construction, petroleum and petroleum engineering. We emphasize in the title that what we present are the principles of rock mechanics in engineering, as rock mechanics can also be applied to the study of structural geology.
The book is based on the content of the integrated mechanical engineering course offered at Imperial College and on the knowledge of the authors. Chapters 1-13 cover rock mechanics, Chapter 14 the principles of engineering systems and Chapters 15-20 the fundamentals of construction. The presentation philosophy is to provide information on all topics discussed. We included physical definitions of relational meaning in all sections, especially mathematics. Again, our philosophy is that although rock mechanics and related principles are a science, their application is an art. To draw a good picture, it is necessary to know the basic technique. Knowing these skills won’t necessarily make you paint better, but it will make a difference in what everyone tries.
The book is therefore designed as a comprehensive source of information for the benefit of all those interested in metallurgical mechanics and metallurgical engineering (students, teachers, researchers, customers, engineering consultants and contractors). It will be widely used in the construction, mining and oil sectors: The construction purposes may be different, but the principles are the same.
We hope that everyone who reads this book will have the opportunity to know love as well as science and art. Stone architecture is found in the ground, in high mountains, and often in natural places around the world. We engineer with stone as we create structures, extract essential human resources, and harness the power of nature. The love and passion for rock art has kept us talking about fun things. ‘Personal experience’ is everything. So, we hope you will have the opportunity to experience first-hand some of the principles and requirements explained in the book. The book is based on lecture notes prepared by the authors for undergraduate and postgraduate students at Imperial College. Some of the material, especially the structural ones, is based on some earlier papers developed by our predecessors in the rock mechanics department of the university. We acknowledge this debt with gratitude and appreciation. We are also grateful to all our students and new colleagues at Imperial College who have suggested improvements to the text during pre-publication ‘field trials’ in recent years. Finally, we would like to thank Carol, Miles Hudson and Gwen Harrison for their extensive editing and revision of the final version. The final interpretation is, of course, our responsibility: if there is anything you do not understand in the following pages, it is our fault.1. 1 Plot mechanics The study of rock mechanics originated at the Institute of Rock Physics in the 1950s and gradually became a discipline in its own right in the 1960s. As explained in the preface, rock mechanics is the subject of the response of rocks to applied perturbations; The techniques discussed here are; to. It depends on the person and the disorder. For natural faults, rock mechanics can be used to transform rocks into structural geology. to. How fractures, faults, and fractures develop when stress is applied to rocks during orogenic and other geological processes. However, in this book we will deal with rock mechanics used in construction, mining and petroleum engineering.
Therefore, rock mechanics can be used in many construction projects, from dams to nuclear power plant foundations, various quarries and related equipment, oil wells and more. Perhaps the most important thing that distinguishes rock mechanics from other engineering sciences is the application of large-scale mechanics to previously naturally occurring objects.
In the two photographs in Figure 2. In Figures 1.1 and 1.2 we show a typical complete rock formation and a close-up view of the rock material. From these diagrams it is clear that rock formations and rock materials must be considered both in the basic mechanics and in the applied techniques. This has become more popular since the discipline began in the early 1960s.In construction and mining, mechanical work was developed in the 1960s by approximately 7,000 members from 37 countries. The discipline of rock mechanics is general in nature and construction occurs mostly in countries where the land surface consists of stone.
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